The Equality Act 2006 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Equality Act 2006 - Essay Example They are aimed at making the most of the talent in the workforce – rather than excluding or marginalizing sectors of the workforce, which was happening universally prior to government intervention in the 1970s and since: â€Å"The general duty places a proactive responsibility upon all public bodies to ensure that their services, practices and policies are developed with the different needs of women and men in mind. This will lead to a more inclusive society with high quality contemporary services - targeted to meet the specific needs of men and women.†2 Interestingly, this Act has already brought legal challenges. On 21 March 2007 the House of Lords refused to remove the Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007, which came into force on 30 April. Catholic adoption agencies had routinely refused to place children with gay couples. The government gave the Catholic adoption agencies an additional 21 months to prepare, but as Baroness Andrews told the House: â₠¬Å"At present there are 116 separate pieces of equality legislation in force - 35 Acts, 52 statutory instruments, 13 codes of practice, and 16 European Commission directives and recommendations. They come with 2,500 pages of guidance.†3 It is expected that a forthcoming European Union Directive will require further legislation that will seek to provide redress for those discriminated against in the provision of goods and services on the grounds of gender reassignment. "Even the most well-intentioned businesses, and there are an awful lot of them, dont know when theyve complied [with the existing laws]. Its almost impossible unless you have vast armies of bureaucrats." 4 Mr Phillips alleged that many businesses resented the waste of time and money involved in being taken to an Employment Tribunal.

Study Local Universities Essay Example for Free

Study Local Universities Essay Looking at the trend recently, most of the students feel that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities. As a saying goes, the grass always looks greener on the other side of the fence. However, the students have their own choices either studying in universities abroad or in local universities. They have own reason to study locally or abroad. Both of universities, abroad or local have their own uniqueness. So, we cannot ignore the fact that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities but to study in local also has advantages. In Malaysia, there are many local universities that have a good quality and students have a variety of choice that they can choose. In my opinion, I disagree that studying abroad is better than studying in local universities. This is because studying in local universities can save the cost and it is as good as universities abroad while students who study abroad are exposed to culture shock and they will not have communication barrier. First, to study in local universities to save costs compared to study at universities abroad. Different countries have different currency rate. Usually, when we change the currency to another currency, the value we will be smaller. So, we need more money to study abroad. Students need a lot of money to pay fees if studying abroad than studying locally. When they study in universities in the United States or the United Kingdom, they also need more money to buy winter clothes for countries different climate. Not only that, as the other is from the country, the higher the price of tickets. So much money is needed to buy tickets to and fro. If they are in cases of emergency, they can not go home immediately because they do not have the money to buy tickets. If studying in countries identified in the event of an emergency we can return immediately.

Asymmetric Epoxidation Of Dihydronaphthalene With A Synthesized Jacobs :: essays research papers

Asymmetric Epoxidation of Dihydronaphthalene with a Synthesized Jacobsen's Catalyst Abstract. 1,2 diaminocyclohexane was reacted with L-(+)-tartaric acid to yield (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane mono-(+)-tartrate salt. The tartrate salt was then reacted with potassium carbonate and 3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde to yield (R,R)-N,N'-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine, which was then reacted with Mn(OAc)2*4H2O and LiCl to form Jacobsen's catalyst. The synthesized Jacobsen's catalyst was used to catalyze the epoxidation of dihydronaphthalene. The products of this reaction were isolated, and it was found that the product yielded 1,2-epoxydihydronaphthalene as well as naphthalene. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1990, professor E.N. Jacobsen reported that chiral manganese complexes had the ability to catalyze the asymmetric epoxidation of unfunctionalized alkenes, providing enantiomeric excesses that regularly reaching 90% and sometimes exceeding 98% . The chiral manganese complex Jacobsen utilized was [(R,R)-N,N'-Bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2- cyclohexanediaminato-(2-)]-manganese (III) chloride (Jacobsen's Catalyst). (R,R) Jacobsen's Catalyst Jacobsen's catalyst opens up short pathways to enantiomerically pure pharmacological and industrial products via the synthetically versatile epoxy function .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this paper, a synthesis of Jacobsen's catalyst is performed (Scheme 1). The synthesized catalyst is then reacted with an unfunctional alkene (dihydronaphthalene) to form an epoxide that is highly enantiomerically enriched, as well as an oxidized byproduct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jacobsen's work is important because it presents both a reagent and a method to selectively guide an enantiomeric catalytic reaction of industrial and pharmacological importance. Very few reagents, let alone methods, are known to be able to perform such a function, which indicates the truly groundbreaking importance of Jacobsen's work. Experimental Section   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  General Protocol. 99% L-(+)- Tartaric Acid, ethanol, dihydronaphthalene and glacial acetic acid were obtained from the Aldrich Chemical Company. 1,2 diaminocyclohexane (98% mix of cis/trans isomers) and heptane were obtained from the Acros Chemical Company. Dichloromethane and potassium carbonate were obtained from the EM Science division of EM Industries, Inc. Manganese acetate was obtained from the Matheson, Coleman and Bell Manufacturing Chemists. Lithium chloride was obtained form the JT Baker Chemical Co. Refluxes were carried out using a 100 V heating mantle (Glas-Col Apparatus Co. 100 mL, 90 V) and 130 V Variac (General Radio Company). Vacuum filtrations were performed using a Cole Parmer Instrument Co. Model 7049-00 aspirator pump with a Bà ¼chner funnel. For Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) analysis, precoated Kodak chromatogram sheets (silica gel 13181 with fluorescent indicator) were used in an ethyl acetate/hexane (1:4) eluent. TLC's were visualized using a UVP Inc. Model UVG-11 Mineralight Lamp (Short-wave UV-254 nm, 15 V, 60 Hz, 0.16 A). Masses were taken on a Mettler AE 100. Rotary evaporations were performed on a Bà ¼chi Rotovapor-R. Melting points were determined using a Mel-Temp (Laboratory Devices, USA) equipped with a Fluke 51 digital thermometer (John Fluke Manufacturing Company, Inc.). Optical rotations ([a]D) were measured on a Dr. Steeg and Renter 6mbH, Engel/VTG 10 polarimeter.

AI and American History :: essays research papers

â€Å"Artificial Intelligence And America†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Artificial Intelligence played a crucial role in our American history and the history of the world. Some view it as the vain pursuit of man to become god-like and create life, others, as the next logical step in computer technology. However, the conclusion is not nearly the most important part of it. The process of the pursuit of the creation of mechanical sentient life has also led to a much deeper understanding of how our own biological minds work, creating new methods to treat brain diseases, and other brain related disorders. Through this, life is longer sustained, but modern life itself would not exist without some AI programs today. Several AI programs control the stock market, and the military has countless uses for it, and we even rely on it at home. AI has advanced greatly since it began, bringing neurology with it, and modern America could not function today without it. ‘Computers are nothing to be afraid of’. An idea clung to like a religion by IBM promotional people in the late 1970’s. That’s when the first AI programs were being produced and the public became concerned over basically, whether or not computers would take over the world. IBM raced to put the public’s fears to rest, so they created an ad-campaign. Pretty soon, every salesperson for IBM was parroting the phrase: â€Å"Computers are nothing but quick morons†. This seemed to halt the fears of the public, but as long as AI research progressed, the uneasiness continued. Computers can process information at speeds thousands of times faster then the human brain, but can only do as they are instructed. So, what happens when there instructed to learn from their mistakes, or react with their surroundings? What constitutes intelligence? The earliest attempts at AI were at making computers sentient, based on the theory that something must be alive to have intelligence. Needless to say, this didn’t work out and left many disappointed investors and researchers alike. Later on though, scientists found that the problem early AI developers had been that they tried to take too big of a step. They believed if they could just create qualities of intelligence in a machine and the rest will stem from there. One of the major off products in artificial intelligence was the further study our own brains. The theory is that if we can make a machine that can accomplish and display the process behind a complex human task, then we can be shown how we work by our own creation.

A Case Study of Virgin Airlines Essay

Internationalization of the business nowadays apparently became a trend for the organizations to expand their market position and gain the competitive advantage among their contemporaries. The extent and nature of business activities are almost as diverse and comprehensive as the totality of the social and economic interest of a man. Various business activities acknowledged the opportunities that the internationalization may deliver. Through their ability and capacity to expand their business operations, internationalization is highly possible. For most of the time, the high degree of the competition under the umbrella of an industry and the number of competitors that are engaged in the creating the same product and/or services or often referred as the competitors that are closely related can cause market stiffening and will tend to saturate the resources. This idea is one of the reasons on why the businesses are moving into foreign markets. See more: Old Age Problem essay Background of the Study There are businesses that in the start of the operation had a great investment and one of which is the airline industry which can perform in either local and/or international markets. This kind of service is one of the broad classifications of the business services. Part of the business operation should cater to personal needs of people or with rendering of a personal service. In this industry, the passengers or the travellers needs the efficiency in travelling in form of safe and friendly services. One of the organizations is Virgin Atlantic Airways that is considered as one of the leading airlines. Like the other companies that play actively in the international market, there are challenges and experience different changes in their operation. But unlike the other business’s ideas, the VAA believed in the option that it is more positive and much less risky to invest in a long-term change program to satisfy the need to grow in the future (Blue Sky, 2009). Apparently, the airport dominance has grown competitive in the hospitality industry. In the accommodation of this competitive growth, the aviation or airline industry plays an essential role in helping the economy to survive although this type of business is a huge investment. The strategies applied in this kind of industry can help the entire organization in finding the dominant position (Bilotkatch, 2007). The connection of the Virgin Airline is outrageous because of the media that serves as a huge market competency advantage. Their strategy is using the media such as television, radio, internet, and even newspaper gave the business an opportunity for promotion. Virgin Atlantic started back in 1984 with a single 747-200 and flying in route of London to New York. Aside from the gasoline, the business was fuelled with two ideas – to offer low price and have a better service. Passengers are the treated as visitors and the business thought of the things to serve better meals, offer more entertainment, create fun, and acquire smiling and enthusiastic flight crews. For over the years, the airlines shook the industry with the project for innovation to provide the quality of service and entertainment. The airline is the first to offer two choices of meals, even in economy class, and spa-services. Thus, they became the industry most favourite in airlines and second largest long-haul carrier on the route of London to New York (Rifkin, 2004). Statement of the Problems Based on the background of the study, it is highlighted that Virgin Atlantic Airlines (VAA) gained the expertise through the market and operational experiences that they performed. In addition, the organization’s openness in the innovation and technology and implementing various marketing strategies to acquire their unique position in the market. But despite of the benefits that the VAA may receive in performing in the competition, the local market knowledge is missing in the marketing formula of the organization. In association to this observation, there are three interrelated problems identified which can be the centre of the study: Â · What is the importance of the local market knowledge in performing even in the international settings? Â · In what ways do the local market knowledge affects the business operations of VAA? Â · What are the key drivers of local market knowledge in determining the success of VAA? Research Aim and Objectives The main aim of the study is to investigate the importance of the local market knowledge towards the success of the Virgin Airlines. The local market knowledge is very broad which can definitely affect the current and even the future performance of an organization. In order to facilitate the investigation of the study there are objectives that needs to be considered. First is to determine the factors that need to be considered that are related in recognizing the components of local market knowledge. Second is to assess the applicability of the local market knowledge in the VAA strategies and business operations. Third is to measure the extent of applying the local market knowledge towards the VAA business performance. And fourth is to recognize the impact of the local market knowledge in formulating the desirable business operations. These objectives are used as the guidelines in the study in order to answer what was the paper needed. Significance of the Study The significance of the study is not only to simply consider the importance of the local market knowledge and its components but to apply the local market knowledge in the business settings. It is such a challenge to consider the application of the local market knowledge in international settings because of the characteristics of the business, the business environment, the diversification of markets, the involvement of changes, possibilities, and other expectations. Local market knowledge is a basic concept that is usually applied in the local businesses or in the small and medium enterprises. It is also a part of the business objectives because the creation of business mirrored the present situation of the market. However, when the local market knowledge and concept is applied in the international setting will raise various uncertainties, criticisms, and questions that falls particularly in the effectiveness of the local market knowledge in contributing to their success. Through the assessment of the study, there is an opportunity to answer these queries and can be part of the academic context in promoting the strategic business management and operation. In addition, the study can also serve as another output within which the organization can use as reference in their action in determining the local market knowledge. Research Design The proposed method in the study is through the use of quantitative method. The appropriate approach is through the help of the survey process that is also considered as the primary source of information. This is promoted in the study because of the contribution that can be provided by the participants, making it appropriate in the study. Furthermore, the conduction of survey is facilitated by consulting the related theories that might be addressed in the study. Through the means and reviewing the related theories, there is an assurance that the result of the survey will explain and interpret the views of the participants regarding the topic presented before them. The objective of the method is to determine the attitudes of the respondents through the quantifiable measurement. Data Analysis Once the target participants are identified, the appropriate method should be applied. Since the participants are the primary source of data, their perception will treat seriously and manifested in the results of the survey. Quantitative research method is possible in many ways and the use of surveys or interviews are common. The most important objective of the methodological section is perhaps to make a comprehensive data which can be analyzed and aligned with the aims and objectives of their entire study. The collected information can be analyzed through the use of factor analysis. With the help of the theoretical basis or background, the result can be posted well. Therefore, there is a need for factoring the result on to two aspects (a) correlation of the results and (b) consideration of the factors, elements, or structure on designing good local market knowledge. In presenting the results, the study will review the theories consulted and determine in which among those theory/ies manifested in the study. At the end of the study, the research can definitely give the strong points that centers in the aims and objectives of the study.

Allegory Of The Cave Essays - Platonism, Analogy, Allegory

Allegory Of The Cave Essays - Platonism, Analogy, Allegory Allegory Of The Cave The Allegory of the cave The Allegory of the Cave, like most things in philosophy, can be deciphered in many different ways. It basically says that people are chained to the wall of a cave and they have nothing to look at but shadows on the wall that are provided by another. This is all that they know and have never been out of the cave. That tells nothing on the surface, but once one looks really hard a few messages or meanings can be interpreted from the Allegory. The main point of the Allegory of the Cave is to give an example of the way that we all live our lives. Except for a chosen few like Christ, Gandhi and maybe even Socrates, no one is really enlighten, or has seen what life is all about. The remainder of the Earths inhabitants see what we think is reality when actually it is, persay, the shadows of true reality. The Shadow makers represent the opinions makers, or the people that make us look at the world the way we do. An opinion maker can be anyone, a priest telling you how God wants you to live, ones parents teach them morals or the television. These shadows make us think that this is the way to live and that this is what is important in the world. As stated before, few can break the chains and escape the cave. When they do and find out what true reality is, most come back and want to spread the truth. In most cases these people are looked down upon for not conforming or for trying to poison the minds of others. Look at Christ, he was crucified for trying to teach as was Socrates. The main point of the Allegory is to illustrate the way in which we live and show how what we think is reality merely are shadows. I seem to think there is another meaning to the Allegory of the Cave. I agree with the interpretations of the story up to a point. The part where my believes differ is upon leaving the cave. I do believe while on Earth some do break their chains and escape the cave to see what reality is, however I believe that we all eventually break the chains some just do it while on Earth. What is meant by that is in death we break the chains. The Allegory says that it is painful to break the chains, and in most cases death is not pleasant but painful. Once out of the chains, there is indecision, what to do, where to go. Only when the sunlight is spotted from the cave entrance does one know where to go. Again death echoes this same pattern. Many say after death there is indecision until the bright light draws them toward it. The Outside of the cave, the true reality, then is a symbol of heaven. Both represent a better place, a sort of paradise where things can be more clearly understood. This interpretation may conflict with an earlier statement that suggests that some break the chains and become enlightened while on earth but it does not. Those who are lucky enough to have found true reality while on Earth were the exception. They did not have to die to find out what others find out after death. Digressing, the cave is an example of the Earth and the way we live our lives. The breaking of the chains represent death in the sense that we break free from our physical forms and now are an essence that is free to explore new worlds. Heaven is represented by the outside of the cave. It is what is strived for by all, to escape the cave and go somewhere better and become something better. The Allegory of the Cave is a direct comparison to that of the process of dying and accention into heaven. The Allegory of the Cave is and illustration of the way humans look at the Earth and what we fell is reality. Most do not escape this warped thinking until death. Few break free and see what true reality is while on

Why Shellac Isnt Vegan

Why Shellac Isn't Vegan Shellac is made from the secretions of the lac beetle and is not vegan because it comes from this small animal. The beetles secrete the resin on tree branches in Southeast Asia as a protective shell for their larvae. The males fly away, but the females stay behind. When the flakes of resin are scraped off the branches, many of the females who remain are killed or injured. Some branches are kept intact so that enough females will live to reproduce. Shellac is used in a variety of ways, including foods, furniture finishes, nail polish and other applications. In foods, shellac is often disguised as confectioners glaze on a list of ingredients and creates a shiny, hard surface on candies. Some vegans may argue that eating and harming insects isnt necessarily non-vegan - however, most still maintain not harming any living creature  as one of their core principles. Are You Still Vegan If You Eat Bugs? For vegans, harming and especially eating any creature that can feel and experience it is considered wrong - even for insects. Thats because, despite an insects nervous system being different from a mammals, they still have a nervous system and can still feel pain. Some question whether insects are capable of suffering, but its been documented that they will avoid unpleasant stimuli. However, recent scientific data suggests that an all-vegetable diet may inherently harm more animal populations because of competition for resources as well as loss of ecosystems due to commercial farming. With this new evidence, many vegans are considering switching to the more eco-friendly diet of an insectivore. Commercial farming has also led to an increased number of sentient creatures deaths because the farmers consider small animals like squirrels, rats, moles and mice pests. The key difference is that its an indirect effect of eating vegan - an argument that vegans generally point out when making this claim. How is Shellac Not Different? The resin of the lac beetle used to make shellac is sometimes called lac resin, and is produced as part of their reproductive cycle. The issue vegans have with this product - which is largely used to coat fruits and vegetables to keep them fresh and pretty - is that harvesting the natural secretion of these insects directly harms many of them.   Vegans also dont eat or use animal by-products like cheese, honey,  silk, and carmine because of the suffering commercial farming causes the animal that produces these products. For them, its not just about if the animal dies or if youre consuming the animal itself, its about the animals rights to live a life free of torture and unjust suffering. So, if you truly wish to be a full-fledged vegan, most would argue that you should avoid purchasing products known to use shellac such as mass-produced and low-quality fruits found at chain supermarkets. For vegans, its not just that youre consuming beetle secretions, your use of shellac directly harms many of these Southeast Asian insects.